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VLOOKUP in Google Sheets, Classic Lookup

By Szabó Gergő · Updated

Sheets VLOOKUP needs the key in the first column of the range. Sorted approximate match is easy to get wrong.

Syntax and arguments

=VLOOKUP(search_key, range, index, [is_sorted])
search_key
Value to find in the first column.
range
Table including the key and return columns.
index
1-based column number to return.
is_sorted
FALSE for exact match. TRUE is approximate.

VLOOKUP examples

01
Exact SKU

Key in G2, table A:C.

=VLOOKUP(G2, A2:C200, 3, FALSE)

Returns column C for an exact key in A.

02
Missing label

The SKU may be absent.

=IFNA(VLOOKUP(G2, A2:C200, 3, FALSE), "Missing")

IFNA is cleaner than IFERROR for a miss.

03
Prefer FILTER

Every match, not the first.

=FILTER(C2:C200, A2:A200=G2)

Returns every match, not the first only.

Common mistakes

  • Looking left

    The key must be the first column. Use XLOOKUP or FILTER instead.

  • Omitting FALSE

    TRUE assumes a sorted key and can return the wrong row.

  • Hungarian separators in an English file

    A Hungarian spreadsheet locale may want semicolons. Match the file language.

VLOOKUP FAQ

Why can VLOOKUP not look left?

The key must be the first column of range. Use XLOOKUP or FILTER instead.

Do I need FALSE?

Yes for IDs. TRUE assumes a sorted key and can return the wrong row.

Sheets or Excel VLOOKUP?

Same arguments. Sheets locale may want semicolons if the spreadsheet language is Hungarian.